Romania became an IBRD member in 1972, thereby assuming the provisions of Resolution No. 280/28 November 1972 of the Board of Governors, laying down the membership terms and conditions. As of April 16, 2024, Romania’s subscription to IBRD capital was 821 million dollars, conferring 0.32 percent of the total voting power.

According to Government Decisions No. 663/2014 and 34/1997, Romania's Governor at the IBRD is the Minister of Finance and his Alternate Governor is the Deputy Governor of the National Bank of Romania appointed by the NBR Governor.

The World Bank's activity in Romania was resumed in 1991.

Country Partnership Framework for Romania for 2018 – 2023 period was focused on three areas: ensure equal opportunities for all, catalyze private sector and competitiveness and improved preparedness to face natural disasters and climate change.

On 20 June 2023 the World Bank published an update version of the first Systematic Country Diagnostic (SCD) for Romania (released in 2018). This diagnostic sets up six development priorities for Romania: (i) predictable institutional and economic environment for people and business; (ii) equal access to high-quality public services at central and local government levels; (iii) better health and education outcomes for all; (iv) enabling conditions for more and better jobs in the private sector; (v) climate change mitigation for environmental sustainability of economic activity; and (vi) climate resilience and adaptation, especially for vulnerable households.

From accession (1972) until 31 March 2024, the IBRD support for Romania amounts to approx. 16.378 billion dollars.

Romania's section on the IBRD's website